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Three scientists have been awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work to understand complex systems like the planet&rsquo;s climate. They are Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi who will share the prize money of 10 million krona (&pound;842,611).</p>
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Manabe and Hasselmann&rsquo;s research has resulted in computer models of Earth&rsquo;s climate which can foretell the impact of global warming. As climate is a complex physical system, predicting its long-term behaviour is difficult and hence computer models that can anticipate how it will respond to increase in the quantity of greenhouse gases are extremely vital to comprehend global warming.</p>
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Prof Parisi&rsquo;s work may seem unconnected with climate change as his research is concerned with a metal alloy called spin glass in which iron atoms were randomly mixed into a grid of copper atoms leading to radical changes in the material&rsquo;s magnetic properties.</p>
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According to the Nobel Committee, this spin glass is a microcosm for the complex behaviour of the Earth&#39;s climate. Complex systems, on atomic and planetary scales, may share certain features, such as being chaotic and disordered, with behaviour that seems to be governed by chance.</p>
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